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salinate
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The answer SALINATE has 0 possible clue(s) in existing crosswords.
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There are 8 letters in SALINATE ( A1E1I1L1N1S1T1 )
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Scrabble results that can be created with an extra letter added to SALINATE
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Definitions of salinate in various dictionaries:
verb - add salt to
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Salinate might refer to |
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Saliva is a watery substance formed in the mouths of animals, secreted by the salivary glands. Human saliva comprises 99.5% water plus electrolytes, mucus, white blood cells, epithelial cells (from which DNA can be extracted), enzymes (such as amylase and lipase), antimicrobial agents such as secretory IgA and lysozyme. The enzymes found in saliva are essential in beginning the process of digestion of dietary starches and fats. These enzymes also play a role in breaking down food particles entrapped within dental crevices, thus protecting teeth from bacterial decay. Furthermore, saliva performs a lubricative function, wetting food and permitting the initiation of swallowing, and protecting the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity from desiccation.Various animal species have special uses for saliva that go beyond predigestion. Some swifts use their gummy saliva to build nests. Aerodramus nests form the basis of bird's nest soup. * Cobras, vipers, and certain other members of the venom clade hunt with venomous saliva injected by fangs. Some caterpillars produce silk fiber from salivary glands. * Produced in salivary glands, human saliva is 99.5% water, but also contains many important substances, including electrolytes, mucus, antibacterial compounds and various enzymes. * Water: 99.5% * Electrolytes: * 2–21 mmol/L sodium (lower than blood plasma) * 10–36 mmol/L potassium (higher than plasma) * 1.2–2.8 mmol/L calcium (similar to plasma) * 0.08–0.5 mmol/L magnesium * 5–40 mmol/L chloride (lower than plasma) * 25 mmol/L bicarbonate (higher than plasma) * 1.4–39 mmol/L phosphate * Iodine (mmol/L concentration is usually higher than plasma, but dependent variable according to dietary iodine intake) * Mucus (mucus in saliva mainly consists of mucopolysaccharides and glycoproteins) * Antibacterial compounds (thiocyanate, hydrogen peroxide, and secretory immunoglobulin A) * Epidermal growth factor (EGF) * Various enzymes; there are three major enzymes found in saliva: * α-amylase (EC3.2.1.1), or ptyalin, secreted by the acinar cells of the parotid and submandibular glands, starts the digestion of starch before the food is even swallowed; it has a pH optimum of 7.4 * Lingual lipase, which is secreted by the acinar cells of the sublingual gland; has a pH optimum around 4.0 so it is not activated until entering the acidic environment of the stomach * Kallikrein, an enzyme that proteolytically cleaves high-molecular-weight kininogen to produce bradykinin, which is a vasodilator; it is secreted by the acinar cells of all three major salivary glands * Antimicrobial enzymes that kill bacteria * Lysozyme * Salivary lactoperoxidase * Lactoferrin * Immunoglobulin A * Proline-rich proteins (function in enamel formation, Ca2+-binding, microbe killing and lubrication) * Minor enzymes include salivary acid phosphatases A+B, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone), superoxide dismutase, glutathione transferase, class 3 aldehyde dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate isomer... |