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tetravalent
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Definitions of tetravalent in various dictionaries:
adj - haveing a valence of four
Having valence 4.
TETRAVALENT - In chemistry, tetravalence is the state of an atom with four valence electrons available for covalent chemical bonding in its outermost electron shel...
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Tetravalent description |
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In chemistry, tetravalence is the state of an atom with four valence electrons available for covalent chemical bonding in its outermost electron shell, giving the atom a chemical valence of four. An example is methane (CH4): the tetravalent carbon atom forms a covalent bond with four hydrogen atoms. The carbon atom is called tetravalent because it forms 4 covalent bonds. * A carbon atom has a total of six electrons occupying the first two shells, i.e., the K-shell has two electrons and the L-shell has four electrons. This distribution indicates that in the outermost shell there are one completely filled 's' orbital and two half-filled 'p' orbitals, showing carbon to be a divalent atom. But in actuality, carbon displays tetravalency in the combined state. Therefore, a carbon atom has four valence electrons. It could gain four electrons to form the C4 anion or lose four electrons to form the C4+ cation. Both these conditions would take carbon far away from achieving stability by the octet |