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rayah
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Definitions of rayah in various dictionaries:
noun - a non-Muslim inhabitant of Turkey
RAYAH - A rayah or reaya (from Arabic: ra`aya, a plural of ra`iya "flock, subject", also spelled raya, raja, raiah, re'aya; Ottoman Turkish [eaje]; Mode...
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A Christian subject under an Ottoman ruler. |
Rayah description |
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A rayah or reaya (from Arabic: ra`aya, a plural of ra`iya "flock, subject", also spelled raya, raja, raiah, re'aya; Ottoman Turkish [eaje]; Modern Turkish râya [aja] or reaya) was a member of the tax-paying lower class of Ottoman society, in contrast to the askeri (upper class) and kul (slaves). The rayah made up over 90% of the general population and the millet communities. In the Muslim world, rayah is literally subject of a government or sovereign. The rayah (literally 'members of the flock') included Christians, Muslims, and Jews who were 'shorn' (i.e. taxed) to support the state and the associated 'professional Ottoman' class.However, both in contemporaneous and in modern usage, it refers to non-Muslim subjects in particular, also called zimmi. The word is sometimes mistranslated as 'cattle' rather than 'flock' or 'subjects' to emphasize the inferior status of the rayah. * In the early Ottoman Empire, rayah were not eligible for military service, but from the late 16th century, |