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proteolysis
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Definitions of proteolysis in various dictionaries:
noun - the hydrolysis of proteins into peptides and amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds
The hydrolytic breakdown of proteins into simpler, soluble substances, as occurs in digestion.
PROTEOLYSIS - Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, ta...
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| The hydrolytic breakdown of proteins into simpler, soluble substances such as peptides and amino acids, as occurs during digestion. |
| the hydrolysis of proteins into peptides and amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds |
| Proteolysis description |
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Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically. * Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause disease and is used by some venoms. * Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal. |